Fahad Hussein Enad and Asmaa Ghalib Jaber 2026. A comparative study of noise-affected magnetic resonance image segmentation using traditional and robust Otsu algorithms with region of interest determination. University of Thi-Qar Journal. 21, 2 (Jul. 2026). DOI:https://doi.org/10.32792/universityofthi-qar.v21i2.499.